The most intelligent insect in the world is the bee. They are also called 'Madhumakshika' or 'Madhukar'. They are a race that developed socialism-monarchy as humans. Today we will learn about this intelligent and hardworking animal.

community

Bees can be divided into 3 categories based on size and function:-

1. Queen bee (fertile bee only, i.e. bee capable of giving birth)

2. Trumpets or male bees

3. Worker bees (infertile bees)

1. queen bee

The queen bee is the largest bee in the hive because her length is slightly longer than the other bees. There is only one queen bee in the hive. The main task of the queen bee is to lay eggs, as she is the only bee capable of giving birth and increasing the number of bees in the hive. Within days of her birth, the queen bee takes to the skies with several male bees and several worker bees to mate with the male bees. However, scientists believe that the story of male bees dying soon after mating with the queen is actually made up. After mating, the queen bee returns to the hive with the workers she took with her. The queen bee lives up to five years.

2. a male bee

Male bees are medium-sized without stingers. They are very lazy and are so lazy that sometimes they don't want to eat their own food but have to feed it to the workers. Their only job is to mate with the queen bee. Their lifespan is 1.5 months to 2 months.

3. Worker or worker

A relatively small bee with a stinger is a worker. In other words, all bees except the queen bee and the male bee are called workers. All activities of the hive are carried out by them. They can live up to a month.

species

In terms of species, the number of bees is around 20 thousand and more. Notable among these species are:

1. Rocky Bee

2. Bee

3. European bee

4. Indian bee

1. Rocky Bee (Apis dorsata)

Such bees are very good collectors of honey. An average of 50 to 80 kg of honey is obtained from their colony.

2. Chain bee (scientific name - Apis florata)

They collect very little honey. An average of 200 to 900 grams of honey is available from each colony.

3. European bee (scientific name - Apis indica)

They are also called Italian bees. An average of 25 to 40 kg of honey is available from their settlements.

4. Indian bee or Indian honey bee (scientific name - Apis mellifera)

These bees are found in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Nepal, Sri Lanka, etc., in various countries of the Asian continent. An average of 6 to 8 kg of honey is available from their settlements.

One type of bee is the "stingless bee". These bees are usually found in tropical areas. It's not that they don't have a stinger, but because their stinger isn't fully developed, they're called by that name. Their colony contains 300 to 400 grams of honey.

Breeding



Bees reproduce by sexual reproduction. A queen bee usually mates with more than one male bee once in her lifetime. In this case, the male bees do not die after mating and neither do the other male bees who could not mate with the queen bee suffer or commit suicide. The folk tale of death or suicide is actually exaggerated. A queen bee lays 2,000 to 3,000 eggs at a time. There are 2 types of eggs:

1. Fertilized egg (egg with sperm present)

2. Unfertilized eggs (eggs without sperm)

A queen bee is born from a fertilized egg. After 3 days of age, the eggs will develop into larvae. Each larva is fed a special jelly until they are 3 days old so that the larvae can grow quickly. This jelly is called 'Royal Jelly' or 'Raj Sudha'. After three days, the bees know which will be the queen bee, which will be the male bee, and which will be the worker bee. So from then on only the queen bee is allowed to eat this special jelly. And other common bees are only allowed to eat honey. After 6 days, the hive cells that contain the larvae are covered with wax. It takes the queen bee 16 days to break through the wax and come out. The worker bee lasts 22 days, the male is born 24 days after the birth of the worker bee.

hive

A bee habitat or colony or habitat is called a hive. It is also called a storehouse of honey and pollen. Honeycombs are made of tiny cells and beeswax. The chambers are hexagonal. Bees use some of the honey they collect to make their hives. Honey is mainly inside the cells of the hive. But bee larvae and eggs can also be there.

There are 20 to 50 thousand bees in a hive. A queen bee, 5 to 6 hundred male bees and the rest are workers.

The physical structure of bees

The body is divided into 3 segments, has four wings and is 1 to 1.5 cm long. Which is 1/2 to 3/4 inch in inches.

intelligence

Bees can add, subtract, multiply, divide. Scientists confirmed this by looking at bee hives. The hexagonal structure of the hive cells is proof of this.

benefits

1. med

Honey is a sweet and thick liquid. Bees and other insects make honey from flower extracts. Honey is a herbal liquid with high medicinal properties. There are about 45 food components in honey. Honey contains glucose, fructose, sucrose, montose, amino acids, mineral salts and enzymes. In addition, honey provides us with vitamins B-1, B-2, B-3, B-5, B-6, iodine, zinc, copper, etc. Since honey does not contain fats and proteins, it is recommended to use honey. sweeteners during cooking.

2. st

Honey and beeswax are obtained from beehives. A beehive is made up of many tiny hexagonal cells. Honey is stored here. Beehive construction is a sign of bee intelligence. Beekeepers take honey from hives for commercial purposes. They collect honey and are called mauals. Honey is a liquid with many herbal ingredients. And beeswax is commonly used as a coating in various industries. In addition, beeswax also has many uses in the cosmetic industry.

3rd unit

Scientists believe that the venom contained in bee stings is effective in treating diseases. This poison is usually used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Bee venom contains methanoic or formic acid or HCOOH.

4. Pollination of flowers

85 to 90 percent of the world's total food production is due to the direct role of bees. That is why it is said that without bees, the existence of plants and humanity will disappear within four years. As we know, crops are produced by pollination. And 90% of pollination is done by bees. And that's why it's called that.

Some important facts about bees:

If bees see an unfamiliar bee in their own environment, they will kill it. Because these bees usually come to steal honey.

Bees are generally divided into 3 groups. One part stays in the house (guarding the honey, taking care of the eggs or larvae, etc.), the other part goes looking for honey, and the other part eats the honey.

The forager bees come home and tell the other bees where the honey is and how to get there. It also gives them an idea of ​​what the destination and route will be. For example, how far to go, which direction to go, whether the road is crooked or straight, what problems they may encounter on the way, etc.